Wednesday, August 26, 2020

The different and similarities the ideological position by the main Essay

The extraordinary and likenesses the ideological situation by the fundamental competitors in the city of Toronto political race for Mayor (2014) - Essay Example He recommended that they will be kept underneath the pace of expansion to decrease the expense of claiming private property. Then again, he proposes a more extreme increment of business burdens when contrasted with private property to diminish the proportion between business charges and private duties (Peat 2014). Olivia chow another most loved contender planned to keep the expense paces of private property pegged on the pace of expansion with the end goal that they are either somewhat higher, lower or in line when contrasted with the increments or diminishes in the swelling rates. Her arrangements on property charge favor little agents as she expected to diminish the paces of assessments for these organizations by a sum of 2.5% constantly 2020 (Peat 2014). This she accepted would support as a motivating force for additional individuals to join the market. Much the same as his kindred hopefuls for the seat John, Doug Ford vowed to guarantee that the private property charges are kept up at a level beneath the near variances of the pace of expansion (Peat 2014). All the three principle applicants intended to lessen the measure of charges that private property pay to make them increasingly reasonable to mortgage holders and inhabitants. John Tory and Doug Ford planed to embrace precisely the same strategy of keeping the rates lower than the similar pace of swelling at some random time. The Policies of Olivia chow are practically comparative in that she additionally planned to utilize the swelling rate at the measuring stick to decide the pace of duty for private property (Peat 2014). The main distinction is that she didn't vow to keep increments in the rates carefully underneath the relative increments in expansion rates. She said the adjustments in the rate could be above or underneath the progressions on the pace of swelling however by a little edge (Peat 2014). Another distinction in Olivia's arrangements showed in her arrangements for boosting independent ventures by dynamically diminishing the expenses required from them (toronto mayoral political decision guarantee tracker

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Understanding Sustainability in Architecture

Understanding Sustainability in Architecture Part 1: Understanding Sustainability in Architecture Venture Objectives The exposition fundamentally means to explore consideration of the reasonable ecological structure by building proficient and school of design in their training and scholastics. Maintainability has been popular expression from late 60s and ceaselessly turning out to be and will be significant in field of manufactured condition. Lets see a portion of the meanings of supportability in fabricated condition. Manageable structure is depicted as a philosophical way to deal with plan that tries to augment the nature of the fabricated condition while limiting or disposing of the negative effect on the earth (McLennan, 2004, P.P.10). Maintainability in design has numerous aspects, for example, Natural Resource arranging, Environmental, Social, Technological and Adaptability/adaptability to the evolving scene. By and by, structure is better ready to react rapidly to the present time and place and to conceive the future, than is strategy improvement (Williamson, Radford Bennetts 2003). Anyway the usage of the parts of the supportability hushes up easy to refute in the expert practice at mass level. For the mass level usage strategy level mediation is vital as the arrangement is in a roundabout way influencing the task. There are sure parts of manageability, for example, the financial and effect on the earth may be considered to a limited degree. Most likely effect on nature is considered because of legal prerequisite for acquiring the advancement consents for ordinarily bigger improvement ventures. There are no set equation to accomplish manageability in design, yet a legitimate equalization of proper advancements, vitality productive, eco-accommodating engineering would show the way us heading. Alongside this, the social and social angles ought not be neglected. The appropriate response is most likely that we will never discover single agreeable definition yet the looking is a higher priority than discovering (Bryan Lawson (2002) Maintainability in the manufactured condition is unremitting procedure. In this manner we (Architect) need to refresh our self pretty much all angle all together reaction the circumstance .The cognizant assessment of the structures ought to be finished with deference the vitality effectiveness, economy, client reaction, and effect on the earth. There is have to advance manageability in all the potential ways, one at that point would be by planning the economical structure and moving, keeping up ethic by teaching our future the other way around . Foundation In 2007, the UK government announced that all new lodging and schools ought to be zero carbon by 2016 and all structures are relied upon to be zero carbon by 2019. So understudies conceding in this year (2009) should outfit with economical plan apparatuses at the time they graduate. The design practice just as scholastics ought to be prepared for the circumstance. Understudies entering design programs in 2009 need to have all the abilities important to meet these prerequisites when they graduate. The two inquiries confronting the structure network are: how might we empower building teachers and understudies to react properly to the test of environmental change and what are the new academic ideal models that are required to encourage this? The last UK audit of compositional instruction corresponding to economical structure training uncovered a significant split between studio educating and scholastic addressing in innovation. Simultaneously, Guy and Moore have recognized that there are numerous plural ways to deal with maintainable plan in engineering, making it hard to detail any progressions except if these are legitimately receptive to the modes and societies of instructing included. They have called for symposia and other dialogical spaces that can address matters practically. This paper distinguishes key boundaries and openings inside the UK building instruction framework in connection Issue distinguishing proof Issue at scholastic level Issue at training level Issues at social level The paper plans to see if the expert draftsmen and scholastics put stock in manageable natural structure in their point of view by and by or scholastics. This would provides insight why this not occurring by and by and scholastics, further this construct establishment for what ought to be done to develop esteems manageable ecological plan in the training just as scholastics. This article additionally means the discover the what is really helping or impeding the execution of the maintainable natural structure. This discoveries of perspectives at training level is significant as it were, as at proficient level modelers will in general acquire explicit information about maintainability without caring the moral issues aside There are various perspectives with respect to incorporation and prohibition of the manageable ecological plan in rehearses just as additionally in scholastics. Following pertinent contentions from the warning executive gathering which hypothesizes perspectives on planner with respect to maintainability in design and procedure of scholastics also the accreditation. I am shocked when different practices don't take natural structure and supportability in to account (Bill Gething RIBA and Feilden and Bradely Studios) Further he contended that manageable natural structure is customized approach for plan, experts regularly take in this from case studies,courses,books,articles. Mr.John Pringle individuals don't esteem vitality effectiveness and carbon decrease it needs to originate from the administrative framework.I sort of in part differ on this argument.In my view we can't change people groups thinking by the authoritative structure in spite of the fact that its single direction of doing it. I mostly I feel its somewhat designers obligation teach the customer. According to Mr. Mario most significant perspective is to comprehends connection of working with condition and showing the creativity,sensitivity in Architecture.We may have Broad scope of understandings for the word inventiveness and delicately. In my view innovativeness is truly something that can't be shown what all the better we can do is we can condition which incite imagination .Further desires to take a gander at the vernacular engineering and comprehend the concealed ecological plan reasons. The accreditation procedure in European nations varies regarding terms and procedure of accreditation.The ecological plan is discretionary yet at the same time probability of the understudies to opt.According to him the structure guidelines are trading off the usage of the natural plan. In Germany the prospectus is like European standards for example 4 years degree followed by 2 years of training. Ecological plan isn't quantifiable idea (Mr. Oliver Heiss ). This calm substantial contention in way natural is genuinely non quantifiable it is created through understanding and practice In Belgium the structure of design calm distinctive in way they have two recognitions for example modeler specialist and designer planner, long periods of study is 5 years scholarly and 2 years of expert practice. The assessment of accreditation happens after like clockwork. As per him there isn't sufficient comprehension and information about the subject. In United Kingdom the course span is 7 years for example 3 years under alumni contemplates 2 years confirmation and 2 years of the expert practice. RIBA has presented least necessity ecological plan in Architecture however it has been deciphered by each school in an unexpected way. You need enlistment to rehearse yet you dont need enrollment for structuring building. In Spain its compositional course span is 6 years. The significant obstacle is understudy absence of intrigue and speakers absence of information, further the new guideline endorsed in Spain is drafted by engineers so doesnt incorporate design parts. Mr Mario states recommended ceaseless expert advancement is a key. While Mr. Simos worried on affectability of the subject. Mr .Geathing talked about the hole between the code expectation and real vitality utilized. Mr Simos propose need of assessment of the structure fundamentally. As indicated by Mr.Sabestian disentanglement of nuts and bolts for engineering and can have pro for natural plan. Mr Jolan inclinations to consider the legacy preservation in the natural structure. Mr. Brian focused on need developed information at undergrad level and as he would like to think understudies must get the nuts and bolts directly at undergrad level. These perspectives communicated are differing, significant and down to earth. I feel its an aggregate obligation of colleges; accreditation boards and above all need from our society.Although limit hushes up between these partners. Research question Do Professional Architects and Academics think about economical ecological plan in their Practice and scholarly educational plan? Since the economical natural plan is wide subjects with numerous features to it, for simplicity of understanding lets gathered this angles as demonstrated as follows Nature and Energy viewpoints Inactive ecological structure Vitality productivity and carbon nonpartisanship Sustainable power source framework Natural administration of assets Client perspectives Inhabitant solace and prosperity Social manageability The inquiry explores the mentalities of the Academics and structural experts. In this way question would require confirmations from the both the universes that is from the scholastics and experts. By addressing the inquiry would prompt uncover the changing standpoint of the potential modelers in regards to the reasonable ecological structure. The area we would detail out the confirmations and draw a few theories from the exploration strategies. These theories later tried on the auxiliary data. So as to respond to the inquiry look into, the examination technique can't be as basic or extremely straight forward because of the intricacy of the issue to address. For the simplicity of understanding lets isolate the inquiry in to two sections. The primary standard

Thursday, August 13, 2020

The First Stage of Recovery Is Treatment Initiation

The First Stage of Recovery Is Treatment Initiation Addiction Coping and Recovery Overcoming Addiction Print Treatment Initiation - Seeking Help The First Stage of Alcohol or Drug Abuse Recovery By Buddy T facebook twitter Buddy T is an anonymous writer and founding member of the Online Al-Anon Outreach Committee with decades of experience writing about alcoholism. Learn about our editorial policy Buddy T Updated on June 24, 2019 Morsa Images/Getty Images   More in Addiction Coping and Recovery Overcoming Addiction Methods and Support Personal Stories Alcohol Use Addictive Behaviors Drug Use Nicotine Use If you have decided that you need to get help for your drinking or drug abuse problem, you have already entered the first stage of recovery by admitting that you have a problem and seeking outside help. This process -- reaching out for help and seeking some kind treatment or rehabilitation -- is known as treatment initiation. It is the first of four stages of recovery or rehab as described by the National Institute on Drug Abuse: Treatment initiationEarly abstinenceMaintenance of abstinenceAdvanced recovery Denial and Ambivalence If you are like most people who seek help for substance abuse problems, in the very early stages you probably still harbor some feelings of ambivalence about giving up your drug of choice, and you may still be in denial about the full extent of your problem. This is common for people in the early days. If you enter a professional rehab or treatment program, the first goal of the counselor or addiction treatment specialist will be to determine if you have any denial issues or ambivalent feelings. Denial Denial simply means refusing to believe the reality of your circumstances. Many people new to recovery usually have some level of denial about their addiction. Denial can take many forms, from thinking that you can still control your substance use to denying that you are really addicted. The following erroneous beliefs are typical forms of denial: Forms of Denial Believing that you are different from those real alcoholics and addicts.Thinking that you can solve your problem by cutting down rather than eliminating it completely. You may think that you can get your substance abuse back under control.Refusing to believe that a secondary drug is also a problem. For example, an alcoholic thinking that continuing to smoke pot is okay or a cocaine addict refusing to think their drinking is a problem.Believing that Alcoholics Anonymous or Narcotics Anonymous will not be helpful, because you are not like those people, because their problems are so severe.Insisting on continuing to spend time with friends who enable you by agreeing that drugs are not a problem or by using with you. Confront and Challenge Any of the above forms of denial can interfere with your recovery. The goal of professional treatment programs is to break through that denial and help you see the truth about your situation. Your counselor or caseworker may challenge and confront you in an effort to motivate you to change your mind. Your counselor may remind you of all of the negative consequences that your substance abuse has had in your life or challenge you to abstain from drinking or drugging temporarily if you believe you are not really addicted. Either way, the goal is to get you to see the truth. Ambivalence If you are in the early stages of seeking help for a substance abuse problem, you probably have some ambivalent feelings about giving up your drug of choice permanently. If you are like most alcoholics or addicts, you just cant image life without ever drinking or drugging again. Chances are you decided to seek help in the first place because you experienced some negative consequences to your drug or alcohol use. You realized you needed help, but quitting completely for the rest of your life was not what you had in mind. The following are reasons that many newcomers to recovery have feelings of ambivalence: Reasons for Ambivalence You associate your drinking or drug use with a positive emotional change.You may turn to your drug of choice as a coping strategy and you do not yet know a better coping mechanism.You may feel too weak or helpless to break the cycle of addiction.You may have entered rehab because of pressure from othersâ€"such as a spouse, boss or judgeâ€"and you are just trying to keep them happy. Getting Motivated If you decided to seek help because you experienced some negative consequences, that may have been enough motivation to get you to admit you have a problem. But it may not be enough motivation for you to solve the problem. If you have always turned to your drug of choice in times of stress, when you want to relax or when you are upset or angry, chances are you have ambivalent feelings about giving it up, unless you learn new coping skills. Encouragement and Support Your counselor, in this early stage of treatment, will try to identify your ambivalent feelings and their underlying reasons. You will probably be asked to list your goals in life and shown how much easier it will be to meet those goals if you are living clean and sober. Again, in the early stage of recovery and throughout your treatment process, the goal is to get you motivated to make positive changes in your life. Your treatment program is there to encourage and support your efforts to make those changes. Return to The Four Stages of Recovery

Saturday, May 23, 2020

Identifying The Real Risk Of Children Essay - 1939 Words

Identifying the real risk to children New Zealand is constantly rated in one of the top locations to live in the world. We were at the forefront of woman getting the vote, have beautiful scenery and recently was votes top of a social progress poll. However, behind this great kiwi image we still have one of the worst family violence rates, and even worse, one of the highest child maltreatment statistics. On average 10 children a year a killed. There are 27,000 – 30,000 CYF referrals/year. It is estimated about 9,000 NZ children are traumatized, abused or neglected each year. The issue is not simply a family law or enforcement issue but a problem of the NZ society in general. How did we end up here? When it comes to human rights New Zealand prides itself in being a huge advocates. Why then when it comes to protecting our children, the most vulnerable humans of all, we fall short. Article 19 of the United Nations Convention on rights of a child states the duty â€Å"to protect the child from all forms of physical, mental violence, injury, abuse, neglect, maltreatment, exploitation, sexual abuse, neglect treatment†. The sad truth behind our troubling child abuse statistics is that it is normally those closet to the child that are miss treating them. There is socially something terrible wrong when the ones who are meant to protect you are the ones hurting you. The most troubling of all is when a parent kills their child. The act of a a parent killing a son or daughter is referred toShow MoreRelatedEvaluation Of The Refugee Crisis921 Words   |  4 PagesThe Model of Inquire will examine the refugee crisis in Turkey by identifying various possible so lutions, analyzing its contextual content, identifying possible barriers as well as identifying necessary resources, identifying its consequences and assessing the overall content. The Model of Inquiry requires us to imagine an action or change that is most likely to lead to better outcomes. Thus, in regards to the article by Angela Charlton and Suzan Frazer, some possible solutions that could allowRead MoreReactive Attachment Disorder And Its Effect On All Aspects Of Life, And Diversity1501 Words   |  7 Pagesstrangers and separation anxiety, but will still be able to recover. Based on these theories, four types of attachment have been identified in children: secure, ambivalent, avoidant and disorganized, the latter three of which are also categorized as â€Å"insecure.† Because of the early age in which the attachment relationship is formed, maltreatment of children during that critical period could severely impact their attachment relationships. Reactive attachment disorder is frequently seen when infantsRead MoreBreaking News : Teen Commits Suicide1222 Words   |  5 Pageseducated on what leads to suicide and what actions should be taken to prevent it. â€Å"Each year in the U.S., thousands of teenagers commit suicide† and thousands more consider doing it (Otsuki-Peterson-Kim). Younger children typically the ages 10-14 do not attempt suicide. However, children in their late teens and possibly early twenties are more likely to do so. Overall, suicide has always been a concern, but recently the rate has dropped from 13.2 to 10.9 deaths per 100,000 people. But what peopleRead MoreChild And Family Services Improvement And Innovation Act Of 20111225 Words   |  5 Pages Georgia experienced 17,148 children in the foster care system during the year of 2015 (Adopt US Kids , 2016). Children engaged in the foster care system are far more susceptible to a disruption in their biopsychosocial development. One of the leading indicators for older age youth successfully transitioning out of foster care is graduating high school. Foster youth success in school can be impacted by their foster care placement. This paper will explore the intended impact and actual impact ofRead MoreImpact Of Technology On Children s Development Negatively1667 Words   |  7 PagesIt is a beautiful summer afternoon, children are walking to the park and instead of talking and skipping with their friends, the children’s heads are looking down at their phones unconscious of the world surrounding them. Technology developments have doubled every year, and it will continue to advance in the future. Moore’s Law states that every twelve to eighteen months, computers double their abilities. When graphing exponential growth, the graph eventually reaches a point where growth seems almostRead MoreEssay on Depression and Adolescents1314 Words   |  6 Pagesdepressed too. The causes of adolescent depression and treatment outcomes were explored in the article by Pat Wingert and Barbara Kantrowitz â€Å"Young and Depressed† that I will discuss. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;This article illustrates a couple of real-life stories of teenagers who faced depression and had to somehow deal with it. One of the teenagers, Brianne, described how she tried to kill herself because she was so depressed. She described her mental state by saying: â€Å"It was like a cloud thatRead MoreThe Oral Motor Functional Development Essay746 Words   |  3 Pagesimpact on the OMF. In Colombia, there are not longitudinal studies that describe the behavior of the OMF variables. Objective: Set the periods of functional oral motor achievements during the chronological development of children aged 0-3 years old. Sample: 265 Colombian children, Bogota residents (116 girls, 149 boys), children’s eligibility was determined by inclusion and exclusion criteria (WHO). The sample was divided into three age groups in months; G1: (0-12), G2: (12–24) y G3: (24–36). Method:Read MoreResearch Regarding Suicidal Behavior in Children and Adolescente s1064 Words   |  5 PagesA research was conducted on SSRIs and NSRIs associated with risk of suicidal behaviours in children and adolescents. (Tamar D et al., 2005). This is a randomised clinical trial conducted between 1984 and 2002. A total of 22 short-term double-bind placebo-controlled trials are studied. The study comprises more than 4000 paediatric patients and age ranges were varied between children and adolescents in the trials (p.80). As the results from precious findings have been ambiguous, this research aimedRead MoreAdvertisers Targeting Children in Asia1291 Words   |  5 PagesSeveral advertiser watercourse their work through the television with the intention of targeting certain commercials to children and youth. Those commercials, consisting of the Bodoni â€Å"junk solid food advertising,† have influenced the lives and wellness of children, according to studies. This kind of advertising poses a menace to children, and yet food companies continue to prese nt these graphics extensively and purposely. Overweight and corpulency have reached epidemic proportions in many Asia nRead MoreEnvironmental And Environmental Disaster Of The United Church Of Christ Commission On Racial Justice1424 Words   |  6 Pagesdisadvantages (whether intended or unintended) individuals, groups, or communities based on race† (McDowell). One major focus of environmental justice involves the uneven placement of environmental pollutants with the poor or racial minorities. In identifying the problem of environmental racism, one must consider the most general issues facing urban dwellers living in California today. Racial segregation also impacts the health and wellbeing of minorities such as African Americans and Latinos. 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Tuesday, May 12, 2020

What Makes A Person s Personality - 1995 Words

Human beings are unique with their particular traits. Each person is constructed from various characteristics, which define a person’s personality. Even twins differ at some points. To understand human behaviors, many psychologists conducted surveys and models to classify personalities into categories. For example, Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) by psychologist Carl Jung is a popular personality inventory, which contains characteristics grouped into four scales of opposite poles: 1. Extroversion (E) / Introversion (I), 2. Sensing (S) / Intuition (N), 3. Thinking (T) / Feeling (F), 4. Judging (J) / Perceiving (P). Readers will answer 64 questions to find out what his or her personality is, and then has a general idea about what kind of work that person should fit. I myself have taken some surveys about human behaviors. Based on the surveys and my own subjective consciousness, I consider that the three key characteristics which make up most of my behaviors and attitude are responsibility, detail orientation, and judgment. Responsibility is the first coming into my mind when I describe myself. This is also the value I always highlight and follow. Being responsible helps me to consider every important aspect before making a decision. Every problem has its causes and consequences. Therefore, your bad decisions may lead to unfavorable consequences, and you are responsible for your own decisions. It may be the feelings of guilt or uncomfortableness when you hurt someone, orShow MoreRelatedThe Mtbi Test, By Katharine Cook Briggs And Her Daughter Isabel Briggs Myers1575 Words   |  7 PagesThrough interpretation the MTBI test acts as a guideline in determining a subject s perception of the world and psychological preferences. 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ASSEMBLE AN ATTRACTIVE PERSONALITY Being able to adapt yourself quickly to changing circumstances and emergencies withoutRead MorePersonality Analysis on The Breakfast Club1372 Words   |  6 Pagesunalike after all. The Breakfast Club is a n all time classic film that portrays a number of individual and complex personalities. It is visible in the film that each teenager has their own traits and characteristics due to various circumstances such as; environmental and parental influences . The character focus will be John Bender, the so-called the criminal of the five teenager s . Upon first glance, Bender seems to be the average high school bad boy getting his position in this specificRead MoreSamantha Garland Disorder of Interest Paper 1359 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿ Disorder of Interest Paper Psy/275 Samantha Garland 01/26/2015 Jacqueline Gat/wood Antisocial Personality Disorder Every person is commonly known for their unique personality, and the traits each of us have that are different than others. One thing many people suffer from is some Personality Disorder such as Antisocial Personality Disorder. Antisocial Personality Disorder (APD) is a disorder that is going against and violating other peoples rights (Corner, 2014). Individuals with this disorder

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Tesla and Gm Proposed Merger Free Essays

string(62) " but due to the saturation of automobiles available in the U\." FINC 664W University of Redlands Capstone Paper General Motors and Tesla Merger Juan Carrillo, Shane Cheek, Jeffrey Haynes, and Peter Delacruz February 23, 2013 Dear Fellow Shareholders: A meeting of Shareholders is scheduled for Saturday, February 23, 2013. Enclosed is a copy of our proxy statement. At this meeting of shareholders, the Board of Directors will be seeking approval to acquire Tesla Motors. We will write a custom essay sample on Tesla and Gm Proposed Merger or any similar topic only for you Order Now The Board of Directors believes that this merger will provide General Motors revenue, growth, and competitive edge to our existing product mix. Additional information concerning this matter is presented in the body of the proxy statement. We encourage you to review this information. Please take a moment and sign, date, and return the enclosed form of proxy. This way your shares will be represented whether or not you are able to attend the meeting. We would like to thank you for your attention to this matter and for your continued support. Respectfully, Chief Executive Officer General Motors and Tesla Merger The General Motors-Tesla acquisition is a great opportunity to combine similar and innovative companies in the auto industry. The following report will help elucidate why we are confident that this acquisition must take place. We will provide you with detailed information in regards to our reasons and considerations why this merger must take place and how it benefits General Motors, Tesla Motors each company’s shareholders and consumers. General Motors (G. M. ) acquisition of Tesla will take this company forward and position us with leading edge technology in the industry, possibly taking over Toyota at the top. G. M. can utilize Tesla’s innovation and technologies to continue to move forward with our vision to design, build, and sell the world’s best cars. Conversely, Tesla’s can utilize GM’s manufacturing facilities and distribution channels to exercise economies of scale and achieve their goals of making electric cars available to all social classes. In addition, Tesla can use GM to help them with their finances cutting their debt to the U. S. government. Moreover, with the synergies between these two companies, the cost of electric vehicles will be affordable. The cost of electric vehicles today makes them available only for the well-to-do but with this merger, the vision of Tesla to distribute electric affordable cars worldwide will come to fruition. Furthermore, considerations and reasons for this merger will also be discussed. In this report we will present an overview of both companies, strategies, SWOT and STEEP analysis, product development, justification for the merger, nature of the offer, integration plan, financials, risk and, reasons why merger should be approved by G. M. and TSLA shareholders and board of directors. GM’s Strategy: Vision: To design, build and sell the world’s best vehicles (Akerson, 2010). Mission: â€Å"G. M. is a multinational corporation engaged in socially responsible operations, worldwide. It is dedicated to provide products and services of such quality that our customers will receive superior value while our employees and business partners will share in our success and our stockholders will receive a sustained superior return on their investment† (Buchen, 2011). Where G. M. started. Forward Thinking: GM was started by a horse carriage salesman named William Crapo â€Å"Billy† Durant in 1908. Prior to that Billy started his own carriage manufacturing company in 1886 and managed to turn $2,000 into $2 million. Around the 1900’s small independent makers were producing gasoline-powered carriages in garages. These carriages were not popular as there were very few in use. Instead of fighting the new technology Durant embraced change, thought forward, and bought a small gas-powered carriage manufacturing company called Buick. At the time there had only been 37 Buicks ever sold. Shortly after buying Buick Durant made improvements to the Buick and showed it at the New York auto show in 1904. He left the auto show that year with more than 1,000 orders for the Buick (Folsom, 1998). Because of Durant’s willingness to embrace change and the needs of the markets, G. M. ould soon become the industry leader in personal transportation and would remain there for the next 70 years. GM also was forward thinking when considering their employees. G. M. was a leader in compensating their employees favorably, while continually churning out a steady income for investors resulting from their high-speed growth. The organization also provided by far one of the country’s most copious health care a nd benefit plans. Throughout the 1950s G. M. leaders and workers were pleased to declare the company had the highest compensated employees in the US. To ensure employees were accessible to return after shutdowns for model year changes, G. M. consented to a revolutionary union clause that compensated workers idled by shutdowns. Also, G. M. made available great pension plans with significant retirement compensation and maximum benefits for long-time employees. This â€Å"Success Formula† permitted G. M. to take control of the industry. The company’s identity to be the largest – the General – was wedded to their strategy of owning the biggest distribution along with the broadest product range. And the Success Formula was effective, as each and every year G. M. sold far more cars and trucks compared to anyone else even while creating outstanding rates of return from the 1940s throughout the 1960s and into the 1970s. GM would not exist today nor would they have been so successful if Mr. Durant had not adapted to the changes in the personal transportation market before it was obvious to the competition. Ultimately, this is type of innovative and forward thinking is what leads to companies taking a commanding control of a market thus forcing the competition to play catch up. This type of innovative thinking is what has helped G. M. to achieve their mission of providing their shareholders a superior return on their investment and it is their goal to continue in this type of success. Current State of the Market: The U. S. market is the largest in the world for the auto industry, but due to the saturation of automobiles available in the U. You read "Tesla and Gm Proposed Merger" in category "Essay examples" S. market, it is not a market of rapid growth. However, other emerging economies are. Nations like China, Europe, Japan and India all have great potential for strong growth. China in particular is poised for rapid middle class expansion and conomic growth, which makes them a prime market to explore. â€Å"Over the past decade, G. M. and our joint venture partners have built a leading position in China – the world’s largest automotive market – with share increasing from 3. 4 percent in 2000 to our current 12. 8 percent (in 2012). †(General Motors Company 2010 Annual Report, 2010) G M has gone from being the leader in the Chinese auto industry since 2005, to losing the market lead in 2012. The competition has caught up with G. M. once again as they did in the U. S. It’s now time for G. M. to change the game, in the U. S. nd in China. They have potential to take a commanding lead in the industry by following the actions of Mr. Durant in 1904, by thinking forward and embracing the shift in the market. There are many factors to be considered by players in the auto industry and what influence will impact their markets. We will focus on three factors we consider critical to GM’s future success; pollution and regulation, supply, demand and cost of oil and the rapid adaptation and dependency of automobiles in China and the regulations that will restrict conventionally powered vehicles. Pollution and Regulation Due to the lack of regulation of emissions many large cities in China have the poorest quality air in the world (McIntyre, 2010). â€Å"Air quality has long been a problem in the Chinese capital, Beijing, and levels have been reported to be more than 30 times above the level declared safe by the World Health Organization† (Branigan, 2013). China’s leading cause of death is cardiovascular disease and respiratory disease that attributed to 53% of China’s annual deaths (World Health Organization, 2011). In an attempt to reduce air pollution the Chinese government has began to regulate their citizens use of automobiles. There are restrictions on what days specified groups of people can drive their autos. Also, the larger cities have limited the number of conventional gasoline powered vehicles that can be registered each year. This restriction does not apply to electric vehicles. Supply, demand and cost of oil The current production of oil is near the highest levels in history yet the demand is ever yet increasing. This has, and will continue, to increase the cost of gasoline. This increase will continue to move the world away from the solitary use of gasoline-powered vehicles. Though oil consumption has teadied in the U. S. it only continues to increase at a high rate and is projected to continue through 2035. The increased cost to power personal vehicles will likely curb consumers purchases of gasoline fuel cars. Many of China’s citizens are just entering into the car market for the first time because many of them have only recently reached a level of disposable income, which allowed them to enter the market. With increasing fuel costs, government registration restrictions and financial incentives Chinese consumers may be swayed from purchasing a conventional gas powered car. Rapid of Automobile Industry in China and Government Support Rising incomes and a growing middle class creating a larger consumer culture have fueled domestic demand. The purchase of an automobile is increasingly becoming a symbol of financial success (APCO Worldwide, 2010). The Chinese economy is enjoying the auto industry boom and does not want to slow its progress, but admits the pollution resulting from more automobiles on the streets of China will force them to promote sustainable transportation. A report by the Chinese Office of the State Council states, â€Å"The automobile industry is an important pillar industry of the national economy, and the automobile industry is an important pillar industry of the national economy, and plays an important role in the national economic and social development† (The State Council, China, 2012). In 2009 the ownership potential for personal transportation growth in China was immense. In China, per capita car ownership was still only 4. 78% in 2009, as compared to 40% in developed nations. This is a strong sign that domestic demand for passenger vehicles will remain high in years to come. † (APCO Worldwide, 2010). China’s Ministry of Technology has laid out a plan and targets that will allow China to progressively shift toward electric vehicles, specifically 2 million electric cars by 2020. Their specific goals are to: – Maximum speed of not less than 100 km/h (62 mph) – All-electric driving ranges of not l ess than 150 km (93 miles) and 50 km (31 miles), respectively – Battery power/kg target of 150W/kg, at a cost of 2 Yuan/Wh ($0. 1/Wh), with a cycle life of 2,000 or more than 10 years – Electric drive system power density of 2. 5 kW/kg, at a cost of 200 yuan/kW. – In 2020, the battery module should have a specific energy of 300 Wh/kg or more. † (Millikin,2012). Where is the market going? The quickest maturing private transportation marketplace is without a doubt China. McKinsey Co, the global management-consulting firm, has shown that China’s automotive market will increase each year by 8% to 22 million yearly auto sales by 2020. The report also stated the emergence in China’s automobile industry would be led by new buyers in China. Estimations vary as to how expansive the Chinese auto market will be by the end of the decade. Bob Socia, the G. M. China president has even stated, â€Å"A consensus is forming that sales may rise to as many as 30 million vehicles by 2020. † (Higgins, 2013) http://www. economist. com/node/18898433 Electric cars, specifically, are the emerging growth market. Currently, electric car growth is from 2011 to 2012 was â€Å"approximately 600%† (Wahlman, 2012). The electric vehicle markets are projected to grow to 7% of total car sales in China, 8% in Europe and 5% in Japan by 2020 (The Economist, 2011). In a report by China’s State Council will implement plans and funding to build an infrastructure and incentives to facilitate the growth and use of electric vehicles in China. They are currently funding the installation of over 400,000 charging stations throughout the country and over $9,000 in rebates for consumers purchasing an electric vehicle. Also, the government is lifting all registration limitations for EV’s and restriction for driving limitations on any particular day for gasoline-powered cars will not apply to owners of electric cars. Many other countries of the world are supporting and funding electric car infrastructure as well. The Sustainable Development Ministry of France has announced to promote the installation of 400,000 charging points in France up to 2015 as well (INRETS, 2012). France has committed $3. 6 billion over the next 10 years to subsidize the building of infrastructure and adaptation of their power grid for electric cars. The Dutch government created the â€Å"Formula E Team,† and plans to put up 10,000 charging points by 2012. The Portuguese government wants to enlarge to renewable energy sector up to 60% and usage of electric vehicles and increase the number of charging stations in Portugal by 1300. There is a long list of countries that are creating policies and regulations that will force the auto industry to develop electric cars. So where does G. M. fit in with the auto market of tomorrow? Currently G. M. is not poised to take a lead in the Chinese auto industry. G. M. has not made progress in the Chinese market and is currently falling behind. Given the evidence stated China should be the primary focus for GM. The Chinese needs are clearly defined and definitively stated by the government. These needs are that of a car that Tesla is willing and capable of delivering given G. M. s infrastructure. Shareholders goals Corporate Mission: â€Å"G. M. is a multinational corporation engaged in socially responsible operations, worldwide. It is dedicated to provide products and services of such quality that our customers will receive superior value while our employees and business partners will share in our success and our stockholders will receive a sustained superior return on the ir investment† (Buchen, 2011). Since G. M. ‘s recent IPO post bankruptcy, shareholder returns have been lacking. Their first day IPO price was near $34 and as of February the stock price is $27. Some would say they have failed to realize part of their corporate mission, obtaining superior returns for their shareholders. G. M. is still selling the same thing they were before their bankruptcy. They have only inched toward what government and consumers are pushing for, electric cars. Their impotent attempt at a hybrid failed to meet even the over ten year old technology of the Toyota Prius. The electric battery will get a lacking 32 miles before it’s dead and has to switch over to a, you guessed it, gasoline engine that gets 35 MPG. Investors are telling G. M. hrough it’s stock price that they need to be innovative like their competitors, find more growth in the industry and they will have to do this all better than their competitors. For many of the reasons stated previously, G. M. can appease their stockholders by taking advantage of the ingenuity and technology of a company like Tesla. Competitors and their economic position (Competitive position) Where is G. M . on the EV horizon? Well we might say they have yet to come into view. According to General Motors CEO Dan Akerson says G. M. has a better than 50-50 chance to develop a car that will go to 200 miles on a charge in the next four years. That would be a game changer. † says Akerson (Gordon-Bloomfeild, 2012). A 50% chance to create a car that gets more than 200 miles on a charge, you don’t say. Let’s see where the competition lies. Tesla already has two sports cars that exceed 200 miles per charge and they started from scratch two years ago. ECOmove, a Danish car builder, has created a compact EV that has a range of 500 miles on a single charge. The Li-ion Motors, X-Tracer, RaceAbout, Aptera, TW4XP and ZAP are all small teams that have developed cars that exceed 200 miles per charge and have an electrically rated MPG of over 100 MPG. Unlike cash rich G. M. ’s 50-50 shot at a 200+ mile range on a single charge dream, these companies have built these cars, some of which are going into production, on a shoestring budget and practically in their home garages. There is plenty of competition in this industry and like the small gasoline powered carriages of yesteryear, being built in garages across America, small companies across the globe are poised to change the world and the personal transportation market forever. In other words, G. M. is currently nowhere to be seen in the future of the automotive industry. A frustrated but upbeat General Motors CEO (Dan Akerson) told employees that he’s working to wipe out fiefdoms that remain in the company and bring its culture into the 21st Century† (Krisher, 2012). As with G. M. ’s cars and technologies after their bankruptcy not much has changed with their culture either. Many of the upper and middle management have retained their old ways. This show s through in their lack of vision in the Chevrolet Volt. This car was their showcase car, the car that would prove they are a new company ready for the 21st century. It does show who they are and the vision they have†¦ if that image is supposed to be ten years ago. Our Target Acquisition The Company we are proposing that GM acquire/merge with is Tesla Motors. This is a visionary all-electric car company that was founded in 2003. We believe what Tesla Motors and its electric technology is at the forefront of the automotive transition from the internal combustion engine to greener alternatives. Why are future car buyers choosing greener alternatives? They are weighing four different factors of gas efficiency, environmental impact, technology, and cost. Gas efficiency is factor that is more important than reliability for consumers. â€Å"According to a recent study by J. D. Power Associates, fuel efficiency has replaced reliability, incentives and exterior styling as the number one influencer when it comes to car buying† (Big Green Head, 2013). Environmental impact is one of the factors consider when purchasing a new vehicle because consumers are becoming more aware of the impact of their carbon footprints. A third factor consumer considers is technology making buying an all-electric car enticing. The fourth important factor remains purchasing a car at the right price (Big Green Head, 2013). The new car purchase needs to be gas efficient, minimally impact the environment, while having novel technology at an affordable price. The manufacture that brings an all-electric vehicle to the market with innovative technology at an affordable cost will capture this growing market. Tesla’s Mission/Vision Tesla Motors is our target acquisition because their goal fits where we believe the automobile business is transforming to. Tesla’s mission statement is â€Å"Tesla Motors designs and sells high-performance, highly efficient electric sports cars, with no compromises. Tesla Motors cars combine style, acceleration, and handling with advanced technologies that make them among the quickest and the most energy-efficient cars on the road† (Tesla Motors Inc. Mission Statement, 2012). Tesla’s mission statement matches where we predict the automobile industry is moving to. Electric cars are the ultimate fuel efficiency motors that minimally impacts the environment since charging a car uses economies of scale to create the electricity. Tesla Motors uses the latest technology to achieve longer driving distances and faster charging times. What General Motors can offer Tesla Motors in a merger is adding manufacturing efficiency to bring the next generation electric vehicle at an affordable price. Tesla Motors’ strategic vision also matches our vision of this merger. Their strategic vision is to â€Å"Create the most compelling car company of the 21st century by driving the world’s transition to electric vehicles† (Tesla Motors Company Overview, 2011). We want to partner with this vision and with our manufacturing efficiency combined Tesla and G. M. can quickly bring an affordably priced electric vehicle to the market accelerating Tesla’s vision of world’s transition to electric vehicles. The core concept of Tesla’s vision is to make the benefits of electric vehicles available worldwide. â€Å"The reliance on the gasoline-powered internal combustion engine as the principal automobile powertrain technology has raised environmental concerns, created dependence among industrialized and developing nations on oil largely imported from foreign nations and exposed consumers to volatile fuel prices† (About Tesla, n. d. ). The question of oil dependence has been a question for America since the oil crisis of 1973, but the technology is just getting to the point of making all electric achievable for the mass market. Another of Tesla Motors visionary method of selling cars that we want to sustain is their sales and service centers. In Tesla’s words, â€Å"we utilize an innovative distribution model based on Company-owned sales and service centers. This approach allows us to maintain the highest levels of customer experience and benefit from short customer feedback loops to ensure our customer needs are fulfilled† (About Tesla, n. d. ). This approach is similar to Apple’s approach to their Apple stores. Tesla wants an innovative approach to the car purchasing process that breaks away from the franchised dealership model. This is a change from our current model of how General Motors currently sells cars but we believe this offers a new buying experience that will be appealing to customers that are interested in all-electric technology. Tesla’s company description Tesla describes its company in one sentence â€Å"TESLA MOTORS was founded in 2003 by a group of intrepid Silicon Valley engineers who set out to prove that electric vehicles could be awesome† (About Tesla, n. . ). The business world views Tesla from this perspective: Tesla Motors, Inc. designs, develops, manufactures and sells fully electric vehicles and advanced electric vehicle powertrain components. It provides services for the development of electric powertrain components and sells electric powertrain components to other automotive manufacturers. Tesla Motors manufactured its first electric vehicle, Tesla Roadster in 2008. It was founded by Jeffrey B. Straubel, Elon R. Musk and Marc Tarpenning on July 1, 2003 and is headquartered in Palo Alto, CA. The key takeaway from Tesla’s company description is that five years after founding the company it manufactured an all-electric sports car. Tesla went after the niche market of high-end electric because at that time it was only the rich that could afford to purchase this eco-friendly alternative. With Tesla’s continued advances in technology combined with General Motors manufacturing experience we will make the first all-electric vehicle available worldwide at the $30 thousand price point. Tesla Motors’ Financial Position Tesla’s financial position for 2012 showed decreasing cash but also decreasing debt. As of September 30, 2012 cash and cash equivalents represented $85. 7 million down from $255. 3 million on December 31, 2011. Long-term debt decreased to $465. 0 million from $276. 3 billion over this same time period. Tesla Motors’ long-term debt to capitalization ratio also declined over this period to 106. 4% from 55. 2% (Zacks Equity Research, 2012). Overall Tesla Motors still needs to borrow quite a bit in order to continue its growth. The cash expenditures are because for 2012 Tesla geared production up for its new car the Model S selling 253 in the third quarter. Cash outflow from operating activities increased substantially to $206. 0 million in the first nine months of 2012 from $87. 3 million in the same period of 2011† (Zacks Equity Research, 2012). The Model S is Tesla’s first venture into the premium vehicle market. Previously Tesla was exclusively in the performance vehicle market with its Roadster model, which married an electric drivetrain with a m odified Lotus Elise platform. The significance of this new model is that the Model S starts at $52,400, after the $7500 Federal Tax Credit, and the Roadster starts at $109,000 (Options Pricing, n. . ). Does this financial position leave Tesla vulnerable? â€Å"Without the hundreds of millions of dollars Tesla TSLA has received from the federal government this year, the electric-car maker’s financials would be gasping for air as 2012† ended (Shinal, 2012). Shinal goes on with a verbal picture of financial distress for Tesla. Given Tesla’s recent history, though, it’s hard to see how the carmaker could post a quarterly operating profit. In fact, Tesla’s cash flow from operations for the first nine months of 2012 was negative, running a deficit of $206 million. The company’s income statement is also pretty ugly, as third-quarter revenue fell 13% from the year-earlier quarter, to $50 million, while Tesla’s quarterly net loss widened to $111 million from $65 million (2012). We think this is the perfect time to acquire Tesla Motors because it is feeling financial stress and at cusp of increasing its market share. Besides the Model S, Tesla is developing its Model X also targeting the premium vehicle as a utilitarian option featuring all wheel drive for 2014. But to really transform the automobile market to electric Tesla needs to lower the entry price from $50 thousand to $30 thousand. They have this in their strategic plan called the Gen III and was initially speculated to be available in 2015. However, with the challenges of launching the Model S perhaps Tesla Motors could use a partner to ensure the Gen III is launched in 2015 if not earlier. With General Motors experience and economies of scale for bringing new models to the market the Gen III could be the first all-electric vehicle that consumers adopt especially in the cultures that are already seeking this solution to mitigate environmental problems. Tesla Motors’ culture Tesla Motors is headquartered in Palo Alto California and was founded by a â€Å"group of intrepid Silicon Valley engineers who set out to prove that electric vehicles could be awesome† (About Tesla, n. d. ). The last word sums it up, ‘awesome’, at least that is our first thought of Tesla culture which is a laid back ‘Google-environment’ where between creating new electric vehicle designs in lounge rooms employees are socializing and never want to leave work. Maybe that was the vision of Silicon Valley before the tech bubble burst, but looking at reviews from employees Tesla gets average reviews. Employees say it’s ‘OK’† giving their employer a 3. 4 out of 5 and 65% recommending this company to a friend (Tesla Motors Reviews, 2013). A distinctive culture does not seem to exist, except that this company is located in Silicon Valley. The lack of a distinct culture may be due that it was founded 10 years ago. However other relat ive young companies such as Facebook have very distinct cultures. Out of a top rating of 5, compensation and benefits is rated the best at 3, job culture is rated 2. 5, and management, job work/life balance, and job security/advancement are all rated 2 (tesla motors Employer Reviews, n. d. . Employees are likely to be open for change the challenge for this target acquisition is not force the existing General Motors culture onto Tesla employees. This will not likely be a good fit since even though we are a multinational company we are headquartered in Detroit and our core Midwest culture is different than Silicone Valley. Our strategy is to take the Tesla Motors culture as the base and then hire consultants that specialize in workplace cultures perform surveys and create an improvement plan to move the existing Tesla workplace culture from ‘OK’ to ‘Awesome’ like the founders envisioned for their cars. Risk In analyzing this merger we felt it key to conduct a strategic analysis to outline what areas may pose a current high risk for both G. M. and Tesla but we also felt it was key to outline what areas both companies are doing well in. The two tools we felt would be most beneficial to this analysis and transferable to our shareholders to interpret are the SWOT and STEEP analysis. A SWOT analysis is a tool for audit and analysis of a company’s overall strategic position. SWOT is an acronym for Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats. We first conducted a SWOT analysis on G. M. with the below results: GM SWOT Strengths: * The post bankruptcy G. M. is smaller with less brands and a revamped management team * GM has assembly, manufacturing, distribution, office and warehousing in 55 other countries. * GM brand is well rooted in America and throughout the world * Loyal customers * Weaknesses: * Lack competiveness in alternative energy cars * Carry with them the stigma of the government bailout * Lowest markets share in 2012 in the United States in decades. Fell to 17. 9 percent from 19. 6 percent. (topics. nytimes. com/Treasury to Share last of G. M. Shares January 13,2013) * High pension costs Opportunities: * Increased demand for hybrid/electronic vehicles * Emerging markets (Asia) * Continue to gain consumer confidence post bail out * Threats: * High losses in European markets * Competition is ahead of them in green car market * Rising fuel costs * Rising raw materials Tesla SWOT * Strengths: * Developed the first electric sports car * Their current platform developed for Model S has the ability to be used for their future crossover model or any other model they envision (http://www. mbaskool. com/brandguide/automobiles/4475-tesla-motors. html) * Ability to assemble vehicles in house Ahead of the auto industry in the development of electric vehicles * Weaknesses: * High cost of production * Higher vehicle cost than competitors * Not as accessible as other green vehicles for consumers to purchase * Opportunities: * Growing demand for â€Å"green† vehicles * Government support for low emission vehicles and possible incentives to produce them * Improve the efficiency of producing the vehicles in order to lower the cost * Threats * Competing against the combustion engine which is becoming more efficient at a lower cost * Lower cost competitors * Economic downturn We then conducted a STEEP analysis, which analyzes external business factors that impact an organization. STEEP is an acronym that stands for Social, Technological, Economical, Ecological and Political factors that may affect an organization. The social factors that impact G. M. are those that were created when the government bailed out the company in 2008. Consumers lost faith and confidence in the G. M. brand because they were not able to maintain their competitive edge in the auto industry and required taxpayer funding in order to sustain their business. Tesla is in the forefront of the electric vehicle industry. Consumers due to their higher end vehicle view the company as an innovator in the electric vehicle market. G. M. is lacking in the technology field compared to Tesla. Tesla’s automobiles are twice as energy efficient as the Prius and they were the first to use the lithium-ion battery, which allow for a long ranger of miles per charge. Economical factors that are and have affected G. M. are rebuilding itself out of the recent economic down turn and recessions. G. M. was challenged with filing for bankruptcy and taking a monetary bail out from the US government in order to sustain its business. G. M. has been successful in repaying the government for the bail out and has slowly gained strength economically. Tesla has an opportunity to gain strong market shares in the electric vehicle market if it can cut it’s production costs and market it’s cars to more consumers at a lower cost per unit. It is clear that the automobile industry is looking to go â€Å"green† or meet ecological requirements set by governments throughout the world. G. M. has trailed the industry in producing a vehicle at a profit that is fully electric or that can compete with hybrids such as the Prius. G. M. ntroduced the Chevy Volt in 2011 to compete with other Hybrids however the steep cost of the car, the cost to manufacture it, and low sales have not propelled G. M. into this market as they would have liked. Tesla is leading the way in the electric car arena and meeting the goals set out for a â€Å"green† car however they still have the high production and cost per vehicle i n order to strongly enter the industry to compete. Distribution channels Tesla Motors is taking full control of sales process until the buyer takes home their new car. â€Å"The maker of electric sports cars is skipping the traditional U. S. ranchise system to maintain total ownership of its retail chain as the company grows, says Tesla spokeswoman Rachel Konrad. ‘Our model is more like the Apple Store’† (Chappell, 2009). This is an innovative approach for selling cars that has the right feel for Tesla’s premium vehicle market. Tesla currently has 23 stores and galleries in the United States, one in Toronto Canada, nine in Europe, and three in Asia/Pacific (Tesla Motors Stores, Galleries, and Service Centers, n. d. ). These store locations are all in the large urban locations where the infrastructure to support electric vehicles will likely be developed. Another difference between a Tesla stores and the traditional franchised model is that they will not rely on a service business to make a profit since electric cars have fewer serviceable parts. â€Å"The cars have no need for oil changes or fuel filter replacements†¦ Instead, Tesla is developing a mobile field service organization that will travel to owners as necessary† (Chappell, 2009). Having a vehicle that requires no regular maintenance is another selling point that needs to be marketed more as a selling feature especially for the Gen III in the small premium vehicle market. Like Tesla’s Silicon Valley neighbors Apple they are trying to change the car buying experience. The sales stores environment are designed to interact with customers â€Å"in a friendly, open and no-pressure environment. Tesla’s retail concept demonstrates the benefits of driving electric through informative videos, interactive displays, and a Design Studio where customers can configure their own Tesla Model S on a large touchscreen† (Market Watch, 2013). This new approach to selling cars is as innovative as Tesla’s technology used to quietly power their vehicles. Another advantage of keeping control of its retail chain is to control costs. â€Å"Tesla’s retail sales and service personnel will be paid a straight salary in hopes of keeping distribution costs lower than those at a traditional auto dealership† (Chappell, 2009). Tesla is maintaining its price margin by eliminating a third party trying to make a profit on sales or service. Market share Market share for Tesla is still small. The market class the Tesla vehicles share includes the Mercedes E-Class, BMW 5 Series, Audi A6, Porsche Cayenne, Land Rover, and Audi Q7. For 2012 Tesla represented less than 1% of this premium market with over 5300 vehicles projected sales in 2012. Long-term growth targets are to increase sales to 20,000 in 2013 and over 30,000 for 2014. These projected growing sales would increase global market share to approximately 1% and 2% respectively (Tesla Motors Investor Presentation Spring 2012). The opportunity for significant market share growth is in the small premium vehicle market with the Gen III model. A partnership with General Motors can bring Elon Musk’s vision to a reality by merging Tesla’s technology with our manufacturing efficiency. Making innovative affordable electric vehicles available for purchase is all that is needed to meet the world’s desire for something less impactful to the environment. Shareholder value Tesla went public on June 28, 2010, at an offer price of $17 per share with 13. 3 million shares available (IPO Home, Renaissance Capital, n. d. ). On June 29, 2010 the market closing price was $23. 89 and over the last two and a half years the market price has increased to $37. 04 as of February 15, 2013 (Historical Prices, Yahoo! Finance 2013). Since the IPO opening price the stock value has increased by 118 percent. The current recommendation from analyst is to either buy or hold Tesla Motors stock with no recommendations of it underperforming or to sell (Analyst Opinion, Yahoo! Finance, 2013). Why these recommendations when only 5200 cars were produced in 2012? â€Å"Tesla has so much potential to be a true game changer in the automobile industry as it increases production and its customer base. It has and should continue to receive awards galore from numerous auto and consumer publications† (Catlin, 2013). One of the prestigious awards that Tesla has won was the 2013 Motor Trend Car of the Year for its Model S. With this proposed merger we believe we can appeal and add to existing Tesla shareholders by making available the manufacturing capability to bring the Gen III to the market. Competition There is really no competition for Tesla in the premium vehicle all electric market. The closest competition is a venture-capital funded company Fisker that produces a premium hybrid vehicle. All other existing production electric and hybrid vehicles do not compete in the same market as Tesla. Vehicles such as the electric Nissan Leaf, the plug-in hybrid Toyota Prius, or our plug-in hybrid Chevrolet Volt all sell on practicality not aesthetics. Car blogger Matt Hardigree sums up the competition with an interesting analogy. â€Å"Not even Charlize Theron in nothing but her couture cloak from Snow White and the Huntsman behind the wheel could make a Prius sexy†¦ The Model S is faster than a BMW MS, has a longer range than any other pure electric car and looks like the future† (Miller, 2012). Its 2013 Motor Trend Car of the Year award further identifies Tesla’s Model S as the electric car. The Tesla Model S was appreciated for its technological achievement of 250 patents, solid all-around luxury design and sporty nature† (Powered up, 2012). Tesla has the award all it needs to do is increase its manufacturing capacity to supply the public with the car they want and the future small premium car whose lower purchase price will expand the market potential . Justification for Merger The merger of General Motors and Tesla Motors is an opportunity to over each existing company tools that they do not currently possess. The synergy that Tesla Motors offers General Motors is a truly innovative and award winning ll electric car with a market that is waiting. â€Å"A market research company is predicting that annual sales of electric vehicles will reach 130 million units sold annually by 2025† (Worthington, 2012). The synergy that General Motors offers Tesla is the ability to manufacture and supply this growing market demand. This is especially important to capture the small premium all electric market by bringing the Tesla Gen II car to the market. Integration Plan The integration plan for this merger is simple because their vision is similar. There will be no drastic changes in both companies and the operations will stay the same. The Tesla brand will be sustained. Tesla is brand name known worldwide that resonates quality, beauty, and efficiency. Tesla’s brand will remain Tesla! Plants and suppliers will remain as they are. No plants will be closed and suppliers will remain the same. Tesla’s innovative approach of selling cars will remain the same. Tesla’s cars are not sold in dealership; rather they are sold direct with no middleman. This innovative approach of selling cars eliminates conflict of interest in salespeople, middlemen, and, of course, maintains the highest level of customer service. Tesla’s approach is like Apple, having their own stores where you can purchase the car or you can go to their showroom to look at the car and buy it online. The organization structure will remain mostly intact on the Tesla side. Elon Musk will remain president of the Tesla division of GM (EV Division) and report into GM’s CEO Daniel Ackerson. Financials G. M. is showing the ability over the past three years to grow its sales/revenues and we have forecasted the same for 2012. The forecasted revenue on the income statement for 2012 is expected to grow 11%. With the merger the expected sales/growth from 2012 to 2015 is expected to grow 38%. Net income is expected to grow from 10. 7 billion in 2012 to 42. 4 billion in 2015 due to the expected sales increase of G. M. vehicles with the Tesla brand. Cash and cash equivalents is expected to grow from 36. 5 billion in 2011 to 42. 4 billion in 2012 which will allow G. M. to be in a strong position to acquire Tesla. Through the merger cash on hand on the balance sheet is forecasted to increase over 100% by 2015 while total liabilities and equity increases about 80%. This is a good sign for the merger to occur posing a very low risk in high liabilities and an optimistic growth in cash. Cash from operating activities also is expected to grow year over year from an expected amount of 4. 7 billion in 2012 to 47 billion in 2015 (Appendix A). Tesla’s financial statements is not impressive, in fact, they are losing money. Here is the breakdown of Tesla’s financial statement. In its balance sheet for 2011 (Appendix B), total asset is $713. 4 million– $489. 4 (total liabilities) = $224. 0 million (total equity). In its income statement, Tesla’s revenue or sales (how much money the company brought in) totaled $204. 2 million but after all the expenses paid the net income is in the negative, $-254. million. But Tesla’s cash flow tells a different story. Tesla has a cash to spare totaling $156 million. According to Investor’s Business Daily quarterly report for 2012, Tesla’s revenues and earnings tell a different story. Analysts polled by Thomson Reuters about Tesla are looking for a 659% increase in revenue to $298. 9 million for Q4 amid the California startup’s production run, as more Model S sedans get ordered, built and delivered. Earnings are a different story. Analysts see Tesla turning a profit by Q3, while they’re looking for Tesla to pare its loss by 24% to 53 cents for Q4 2012. For the year, they’re looking for a $3. 08 loss, 39% deeper than a year ago amid the costs of ramping up production. On the balance sheet Tesla’s current total assets are projected to drop from $713 million in 2011 to $613 million in 2012 however total liabilities are projected to fall from $489,403 million to $435,070 million in 2012. It is a significant red flag to a potential investor to point out those assets have dropped about $100 million when liabilities have dropped only $55 million. It’s a risk worth pointing out. Shareholder equity is expected to drop also from $224 million in 2011 to just over $178 million in 2012 (see Appendix B). In 2012 it is expected that cash flow from operating activities will be a lesser loss from 2011 -$114 million down to -$108 million while cash flow from investing activities produces a profit in 2012 of $169 million compared to a loss of about $176 million in 2011. It is apparent that the company still will not be able to pay for its investing activities with its operating income. Tesla still has to obtain financing which could be a risk in the eyes of some investors. The financial forecast for both companies (see Appendix A and B) through the merger is expected to be optimistically strong creating a large increase in cash through high sales and revenue and a spike in assets allowing the companies to reinvest in growth. Even though there are not enough liquid assets to cover current liabilities until about 2015 operating profits due to sales is more than enough to maintain the debt therefore relating back to a minor risk to shareholders. Method of Offer As of February 22, 2013, GM’s stock closed at $27. 1 with a market cap of $37. 04 billion and with 1. 37 billion shares outstanding. Tesla closed at $36. 11 with a market cap $4. 11 billion and with 113. 78 million shares outstanding. The proposed General Motors-Tesla Motors merger will be a cash acquisition. There are three reasons why G. M. ’s management decided to offer pursue a cash acquisition. First, G. M. possesses the liquidity to conduct a straight cash acquisition. G. M. â⠂¬â„¢s cash and cash equivalents are expected to grow from 36. 5 billion from 2011 to 42. 4 billion for 2012. Second, G. M. ants to be certain for the price paid and do not want to take the risk of price fluctuation. Third, G. M. ’s management wants to maintain the current ownership status of the company. G. M. ’s managements avoid shareholders of Tesla to be partial owners; hence, receives percentage of future profits and voting privileges. Management recommends that G. M. offer a 30% premium. This merger with Tesla will cost G. M. $5. 3 billion. The interest of G. M. in TSLA is obvious, to be a part of this innovative future of electric cars that would take them ahead of their competitors in the industry. Given the information gathered we summarized the selling points as to why this merger needs to occur. These elements are key to be communicated to both organizations to ensure the merger is approved. Given the information gathered we summarized the selling points as to why this merger needs to occur. These elements are key to be communicated to both organizations to ensure the merger is approved. Reasons why the merger should be approved by GM’s board of directors * GM is lagging behind innovative companies. GM has failed to realize market pressures and where the markets are going. * GM can utilize Tesla to follow through on their vision to design, build and sell the world’s best vehicles. * Follow through on their mission to: â€Å"G. M. is a multinational corporation engaged in socially responsible operations, worldwide. It is dedicated to provide products and services of such quality that our customers will receive superior value while our employees and business par tners will share in our success and our stockholders will receive a sustained superior return on their investment. Reason why GM’s shareholders should approve the merger * Tesla is a great threat to G. M. and will be a great competitor in the future of the automotive markets. * Tesla will provide a great leap forward for G. M. and get them back to the leading edge of the industry. * GM will now become relevant to Chinese markets by addressing the needs of a rapidly growing industrial country. Reason why Tesla Shareholders and Board of Directors should approve the merger * Tesla will be able to proliferate their technology at a substantially faster rate through the use of G. M. s manufacturing facilities and distribution points * They will be able to utilize private money and decrease or eliminate their debt to the U. S. Government. * Utilize economies of scale to accomplish their goals of making EV’s affordable. It is clear that GM has to make a move in the market to b ecome competitive in the electric car market. They made an attempt to develop their own electric/hybrid vehicle but the results of the vehicle are not what consumers have expected and the competition continues to be a major threat to them by exceeding them in this market. Sure GM has shown success by coming out of bankruptcy and rebuilding itself but in order to avoid the situation of bankruptcy again it has to become innovative and aggressive in the EV market now. Tesla has a great niche and has a huge opportunity with the product they have developed however they are showing that they have a challenge in growing their business and really taking advantage of a market that is thirsty for electric vehicles by making a vehicle that is affordable and having the ability to mass produce them efficiently. By merging with GM, and still maintaining its culture and innovative thinking, Tesla will play a huge role in helping GM take the lead in the EV market both domestically and abroad. It is our opinion that this merger not only makes sense but it is a must for both American companies to put the US auto market back on the map. Appendix Appendix A-GM Financials-Source Yahoo Finance Appendix B-Tesla Financials-Source Yahoo Financials References About Tesla (n. d. ). Retrieved February 6, 2013 from http://ir. teslamotors. om/ Akerson, Daniel (2010). General Motors Company, 2010 Annual Report. Retrieved January 22, 2013 from http://www. gm. com/content/dam/gmcom/COMPANY/Investors/Corporate_Governance/PDFs/StockholderInformationPDFs/Annual-Report. pdf Analyst Opinion, Yahoo! Finance (2013, February 15). Retrieved February 18, 2013 from http://finance. yahoo. com/q/ao? s=TSLA+Analyst+Opinion APCO (2010, November). Market Analysis Report: China’s Automotive Industry. Retrieved February 9, 2013 from http://bit. ly/XZLWE8 Big Green Head (2013, January 30). The four most common reasons to buy green cars. Big Green Head. Retrieved February 17, 2013 from http://www. biggreenhead. com/3/post/2013/01/the-four-most-common-reasons-to-buy-green-cars. html Branigan, Tania (2013, January 13). Top tip if you’re going out in Beijing: don’t breathe. Retrieved February 02, 2013 from http://www. guardian. co. uk/world/2013/jan/13/beijing-breathe-pollution Buchen, Irving (2011, August 1). Company Mission Statements Critiqued. Retrieved February 15, 2013 from http://www. humanresourcesiq. om/business-strategies/articles/mission-statements-critiqued/ Catlin, James (2013, February 5) Retrieved February 9, 2013 from http://beta. fool. com/lulupoopsalot/2013/02/05/companies-that-could-revolutionize-driving/23138/? logvisit=ypublished=2013-02-05source=eptcnnlnk0000001 Chappell, L. (2009). Tesla won’t use franchises; will handle sales, service. Automotive News, 84(6375), 18-18. Retrieved from http://0-search. proquest. com. books. redlan ds. edu/docview/219448776? accountid=14729 Folsom, Burton (1998, September 8). Billy Durant and the Founding of General Motors. Retrieved February 9, 2013 from How to cite Tesla and Gm Proposed Merger, Essay examples

Sunday, May 3, 2020

Events and Entertainment Management

Question: Evaluation of multiple solutions to address the problems identified and justification for the solution(s) or strategies which you consider to be most appropriate. Answer: Introduction: Crowds are generally unavoidable occurrences of our daily life. Crowding happens as a result of unwarranted mass gathering of people in a particular area. Though, large numbers of people gather at shopping malls, railway stations and bus terminals etc. However they also get together in great numbers where a particular event is organised for special attractions for example sporting event, music concerts street festivals. During such events there is a huge risk to manage such huge crowd safely. Berlin Love Parade was one such example of crowd mishap. It was estimated that around 1.4 million citizens gathered for this event when a stampede broke out due to panic among those gathered for the event which claimed the life of 19 innocents and around 245 citizens were seriously injured. It was one of disturbing accidents in human history when this tragedy broke out. Background to the Issue: According to several reports it is claimed that Berlin Love Stampede tragedy occurred as result of mass gathering for the event where thousands of citizens were found pushing through a tunnel which eventually led to the out brake of panic situations among the people. It is still unclear to many that what led to such outbreak of such situations among the crowds. However according to police reports most of the death occurred when the crowed were trying to escape from the crush at the bottom of the ramp, forced through the barricade and started climbing up on a shallow staircase which was near the entrance of the tunnel in an effort to gain right of entry to the nearby party ground. As a result of this few fell off the barricade which injected the atmosphere of panic among those who gathered for the event who were waiting down below for their chance to climb up the staircase for access to the nearby party ground. According to some eye-witness, event organisers at one point had closed the main entrance where the venue for the party was organised but did not stopped people from entering into the tunnel. As a result of this people crushed each other who ever came in their way which fuelled both tempers and panic among the crowds. Several surveys have claimed that the place where event was organised only had the capacity of 250,000 peoples, a figure which is far low from 1.4 million people who have gathered. Several news papers claimed that the situation was horrifying to see as the tunnel was filled with people who could barely move and lost their consciousness after the tunnel became so tight that people could hardly move into it. Everything was in complete mess as people fought for their survival as some had their leg squashed and people were screaming out of fear. According to several media reports there should be no premature verdicts about who should be held responsible for such tragedy as many editors held their opinion that the organisers have made fatal errors and overlooked the situation of safety of crowds which could have been avoided. Identification of Problems: Force: Crowd forces at certain occasion can reach a level which is almost impossible for organisers to control. Practically all such crowd death occurs due to the power or ability to compress concentration of oxygen in body which is accompanied by increase in the level of carbon dioxide thereby leading to death which is often reported by typical Medias. Incident of Love Parade Stampede was an example of crowd incident having a force of more than 1200 lbs. Forces occurs due to roughly pushing and the de facto effect of such mishap is people falling against each other at greater force. Compression occurs when a huge number of crowd pile up upon each other, one climbing on top of one another or due to horizontal force of pushing from mass of bodies virtually leading to leaning forces. It was assumed that when such stampede happens people who are underneath would feel extreme pressure in chest of around 850-900 lbs anticipating that half of the intense weight was on upper part of the body. Space: Crowds hardly gets any attention from Architects and engineers regarding the frequency of people in their design of building which is beyond the compliance of framework of architectural codes. It is always brought into the attention architects and engineers that code of compliance hardly meet the crowd management that estimated the maximum occupancy criteria of a space to be allocated for proper movement from stair case, corridors, ramps and escalators. It is the responsibility of the event organisers of preparing a list of safety parameters regarding the movement capabilities of crowd and identifies the possible route of problems where the event organisers could accommodate emergency crowd movement through the help of stairs, corridors and escalators etc which are one of established source of crowd management. Evaluation of multiple solutions to address the problems identified: Majority of crowd related disasters can be prevented through the help of simple crowd management strategies. The primary criteria for managing crowds are to avoid the typical crowd volume and keeping a free flow of group movement. Terminology: Crowd management can be defined as systematic management of crowd through planning and supervision of the assembled people. Crowd control can also be defined as restriction of crowd behavior. It consists of evaluation and analysis of projected level of space occupied by each mass of body. Crowd control is a part of crowd management plan on the happening of unplanned behavior of group of people arising out of certain problems. It involves extreme enforcement of procedures to maintain regulation such as the use of force to arrest people or threatening of health injury. It generally consists of employing barriers which can be used as an alternative for creating space in order to create free flowing of group of people. Setting up management Center: Real time information regarding the present status of crowd condition assembled for event helps in management of disaster. An organized crowd management and center of communications should be established for meeting up the critical situation. The idea of having a centralized communication system would allow maximum control of the center through establishing a video camera access to certain areas which are vulnerably exposed and creating wide pathways for free movement in order to release space. It is necessary to establish a full communication and coordination between the event organizers, local police, volunteers and having proper facilities of fire and emergency exit along with medical service with on the site ambulance facilities. Having radio frequencies, telephone helpline number is significant terminology in managing crowd. Staff Training: Staff training is a vital aspect of successful crowd management. It has been noticed that often casual people with improper training are appointed for managing crowd at large events. These employees do not receive proper instructions regarding how to control certain aspects of crowd behavior. Even those employees who are permanent often do not posses proper training regarding the identification of critical crowd behavior and handling of crowd. Training of crowd should include basic instructions on how to manage the movement of crowd during emergency situations and initial handling of accident victims, training about the essentials of communications procedures and quick use of communications tools. All staff should be equipped with a speedy locating guide to strengthen training guiding principle and communication measures. Responding to emergency: The event organizers should rapidly respond to accidents of crowd quickly with the help of proper trained personnel. They should prevent them from providing misleading information during outbreak of emergency. They are required to act collectively to control the panic stricken situation. Creating a diversion of numerous routes away from the course of incidents is favored over blocked routes where hardly anyone can move. Thus it is the responsibility of the volunteers to summon employ emergency services immediately. Sufferers of compressive asphyxia can be avoided only if the rescue operation begins quickly. Justification for the solution(s) or strategies which you consider to be most appropriate: Planning and assessing risk is significant milestone in creating a trouble free environment. A safe and trouble free environment with good planning is essential. An event organiser must ensure that the precautions it takes to manage crowds are adequate enough to handle emergency situations through proper training of staff. As training enables event organisers to in thinking ahead as well as assessing the risk involve to develop and modify the plans. On the other hand systematic assessment of risk identifies hazards which could be avoided affecting the safety of crowds through assessing the size of the problems and what needs to be done to meet the problems. This process of risk assessment is helpful in identifying the safety parameters depending upon the outcome of risk assessment. Emergency planning procedures eliminates the issues of threat possessed from outbreak of fire or any personal injury threat to crowds. Such planning policies play a vital role in emergency situation rapid large-scale movement of crowd as the potentiality of overcrowding could be avoided. Conclusion: The incident of crowd management model and its guidelines policies demonstrates that several such crowed disasters could be prevented only if quick planning and advance crowd management techniques are implemented. Proper training of volunteers focused on crowd controls is recommended for every such event organisers where mass gathering takes place and gets certified by law to have a certified crowd management employees. In order to avoid accidents it is best advised that event organisers must undergo formalised testing on the basics strategies of managing crowds and proper handling of emergencies. Reference List: Johansson, A., Batty, M., Hayashi, K., Al Bar, O., Marcozzi, D. and Memish, Z.A., 2012. Crowd and environmental management during mass gatherings.The Lancet infectious diseases,12(2), pp.150-156. Wijermans, N., Conrado, C., van Steen, M., Martella, C. and Li, J., 2016. A landscape of crowd-management support: An integrative approach.Safety Science,86, pp.142-164.

Thursday, March 26, 2020

Research Proposal on Fair Value Measurement Essay Example

Research Proposal on Fair Value Measurement Essay Fair value is the indicator of the measurement of the product’s price in the most actual way, without the influence of the market and without the need of making the biggest profit. It is natural that fair value is a specific quality which can not be measured objectively, because every country and every manufacturer has its own idea about the fair value of the product. Of course, in order to set the appropriate and more or less objective prices, manufacturers have decided to invent a scheme of fair value measurement which would calculate the price of the product without any expenses. So, such objective factors as the problem of supply and demand; the costs on production, distribution, storage and cost on utility are not calculated in the process of measurement. Moreover, such subjective factors as the personal and commercial risks related with the production and trade of the good are not counted. The issue on fair value measurement is very old and exists for hundreds of years. Many years ago the price on product was set by a monarch and merchants did not have the right to chance the price. With the run of time the approach towards the calculation has changed and now it depends on the objective factors related with the cost of the resources, energy and work spent on the creation of the product. In order to make the calculation even more valid, the International Accounting Standards Board decided to adopt the standard of measurement of the fair value of the product called IFRS 13 and it happened in 2011. We will write a custom essay sample on Research Proposal on Fair Value Measurement specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Research Proposal on Fair Value Measurement specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Research Proposal on Fair Value Measurement specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Fair value measurement is the indicator which is supposed to reflect the actual price and expenditures on the production of goods and services and the student is able to observe the issue from the alternative side writing a research proposal about it. The proposal should make the professor interested in the topic, so the young person is expected to touch upon the most interesting and disturbing points which can be called the relevant ones in the connection with fair value measurement. One can also dwell on the objectiveness of the methods of measurement and suggest the new one pointing out all its pros and cons. Evidently, the process of PhD or Master’s research proposal writing is quite a troublesome one, because students often do not have enough knowledge of writing and critical analysis of the topic. In order to learn to compose a logical and well-formatted text which can be accepted by the professor, one can read a free example research proposal on fair value measurement written by an expert. Only a quality free sample research proposal on fair value measurement will be enough helpful for the successful writing of a smartly-designed text. At EssayLib.com writing service you can order a custom research proposal on Flooding topics. Your proposal will be written from scratch. We hire top-rated PhD and Master’s writers only to provide students with professional research proposal help at affordable rates. Each customer will get a non-plagiarized paper with timely delivery. Just visit our website and fill in the order form with all proposal details: Enjoy professional research proposal writing service!